Hydrocarbon-burner



' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY O. DAVIS, OF TERRE IIAUTE, INDIANA.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 413,649, dated October 29, 1889.

Application filed January I9, 1889- Serial No. 296,859. (No model.)

To all whom-it may concern:

7 Be it known that I, HENRY O. DAVIS, a citi zen of the United States, residing at Terre Haute, county of Vigo, and State of Indiana,

have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Hydrocarbon-Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to hydrocarbon-heat ers,whereby a hydrocarbon vapor and steam, are generated, mixed, and burned and it consists of certain improvements upon the heater which forms the subject-matter of my patent,

No. 388,843, dated September 4, 1888.

These improvements consist, first, in so arranging the parts of the heater that the waterheater shall be arranged out of-direct contact with the flame of the heater, since I have found that a more steady flame is produced when such heater is thus arranged than when the flame plays directly thereon, in which latter case the water coming in contact with the very highly-heated metal became instantaneously converted into steam, causing uneven and excessive pressure and an unsteady The improvements consist, in the second place, in providing the water-heater with a filling of broken slag or analogous material,

which prevents the-accumulation of solid matter or scale upon the interior walls of the chamber.

I11 the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a heater embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a-central vertical section of a burner of a somewhat different construction. Fig. 3 is a detail view illustrating the operating device for the valves.

In so far as practicable, I will in this case make use of the same reference-letters for analogous parts as I have in my aforesaid patent.

R and S represent, respectively, the water and hydrocarbon fluid supply pipes, the former leading into a water-heater or vaporgenerator B, and the latter into the oil-retort O. The oil-retort O constitutes one end of a divided heating-casing, which is arranged directly above the burners it, while the end of this casing opposite the retort G contains a superheating-chamber A, to which the hydrocarbon-vapor is led from the retort O by the pipe g. From the superheating-chamber A the hydrocarbon gas or vapor is delivered through the conduit h to the mixing-chamber in the casing F, where it meets the steam and passes thence to the burners. The steam which has been generated in the heater B is led therefrom through the pipe p to the lower portion of the mixing-chamber below the diaphragm 2", passing through which it meets and mingles with the hydrocarbon vapor.

T is the pan or tray situated below the burners and described and shown in my aforesaid patent.

The water-heater B, instead of being arranged directly above the burners, as in my patented construction, where it occupiedthe same position as does the superheater in the construction constituting my present invention, is arranged so that, while the flame shall not come directly into contact therewith, yet

oil-retort and superheater.

The heater B is supported by a plug or I I coupling-piece D, which is preferably screwthreaded and tapped into a boss I) in the heater B and into the'partition a, between the chambers A and O of the hydrocarbonheater.

Instead of being arranged above the oil-retort and superheater, the water-heater may be located to one side thereof, as shown in Fig. 1, the effect being the same in either case.

In ordinary water-heaters or steam-generators the presence of lime and other materials in the water results in a deposit or coating of scale upon the inner surface of the heater and in a gradual deterioration of the latter.

I have found that this can be prevented by placing particles of a refractory materialsuch as slagin the heater, which acts as a filter, the result being that the lime and other materials which form scale are deposited upon or taken up by the said refractory material rather than by the metal. I

In the drawings I have shown the waterretort B as filled with particles of slag E.

f designates a filling of finely-broken material placed in the lower portion of the mixing-chamber, below the diaphragm z. This filling serves to break the current or jet of steam which, when the parts of the burner become highly heated, is otherwise apt to blow back the hydrocarbon vapor or even extinguish the flame.

1 represent-s an escape communicating with the steam-pipe, and preferably provided with a valve, which may be held to its seat by a spring in the usual manner. During the operation of the burner a small amount of steam may constantly pass out through the escape, the valve of which is lifted to relieve the pressure should there be asudden-increase in the amount of steam generated.

2 is a draw-off pipe or faucet communicating with the steam-pipe 1) below the burners, and through which the water of condensation collecting in the said pipe, and which, if allowed to remain therein, would be blown through the burner and extinguish the flame, may be drawn off, as occasion may require.

It has heretofore been customary when it was desired to start the burner to saturate the material in the tray T with oil from a separate can; but such operation is inconvenient and attended with danger, to overcome which I provide a pipe 3, leading from the oil-pipe S, behind the valve W, and extending over the tray T. By opening the cock 4 in this pipe 3 the desired amount of oil for starting the burner can" be allowed to escape into the tray before the valves V and W are operated.

The water and oil supply pipes R and S are provided, respectively, with controlling-valves V and W. The stems v and w of these valves, which may be ordinary needle-valves, are provided, respectively, with arms X and Y, which arms are connected, so that they may be moved together byalink Z. One or both arms are provided with a series of apertures y, arranged on a line radiating from the axis of the valve-stem, and by means of these apertures the adjustable end or ends of the link Z may be connected with the arm at different distances from the axis of oscillation, in order to permit the relative extent of the movements of the two arms to be varied. By these means a greater or less proportion of water as compared with the amount of oil may be fed to the burner, as may be found desirable. One of the arms is provided with ahandle w, by which it is operated, the movement imparted to such arm being communicated to the other arm through the link Z.

The superheater as a separate chamber might be dispensed with, as by leaving out the partition a, in which case the hydrocarbon vapor would be taken directly from-the oil-retort to the mixing-chamber.

VVithoutlimiting myself to'the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown, I claim- 1. In ahydrocarbon-burningapparatus, the combination of the burners, a casing divided to form a retort O and a superheater A, connected with each other by the pipe 9, a waterheater heated by the said burners, but arranged away from immediate proximity thereto, a mixing-chamber, and the connectingpipes between the superheater and the mixing-chamber and the water-heater and the mixing-chamber, substantially as set forth.

2. In a hydrocarbon-burning apparatus, the combination of the burners, the oil-retort O, and the superheater A, situated above the burners, the pipe g, connecting the retort and the super-heater, the water-heater arranged above the retort and superheater, and the conducting-pipes for leading the hydrocarbon vapor and the steam to the burner, substan tially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY C. DAVIS! Vitnesses:

FRED A. Ross, JOSEPH C. WARDLAW. 

